In forestry, what does the term 'conifer' generally refer to?

The term 'conifer' specifically refers to trees that bear cones, which is a defining characteristic of this group. Conifers belong to the class Pinopsida and are primarily known for their needle-like leaves, which are typically adapted to survive in cold climates and retain moisture. This adaptation is crucial for their survival in various environments. Conifers include species such as pines, spruces, firs, and cedars, many of which are evergreen, meaning they retain their foliage throughout the year.

This distinction is important in forestry, as conifers play significant roles in timber production, wildlife habitat, and ecological balance. In contrast, other groups like deciduous trees, which lose their leaves seasonally and bear broad leaves, or flowering trees that produce blooms and fruit, do not fall under the category of conifers. Conifers are predominantly recognized by their reproductive structures, i.e., cones, which house seeds, a key factor in their classification.