What do you call a tree that sheds all its leaves at the end of the growing season?

A tree that sheds all its leaves at the end of the growing season is known as deciduous. Deciduous trees undergo a seasonal cycle where they lose their leaves in response to changes in climate, particularly the onset of colder temperatures and shorter daylight hours in the autumn. This shedding is a strategy for conserving water and energy during unfavorable conditions, allowing the tree to survive until favorable conditions return in the spring.

Contrastingly, evergreen trees retain their foliage throughout the year, providing consistent greenery and photosynthetic capability regardless of the season. Coniferous refers specifically to trees that usually have needles and cones, such as pines and firs, which can be either deciduous or evergreen depending on the species. Perennial plants, while they live for multiple years, do not specifically refer to trees and can include various types of plants that may or may not shed their leaves annually.

In sum, the defining characteristic of a deciduous tree is its seasonal leaf drop, signifying a critical adaptation to its environment.