What is the primary function of xylem in trees?

The primary function of xylem in trees is to transport water and nutrients from the roots to the crown. Xylem is a type of vascular tissue that plays a critical role in a tree’s overall health and growth. It consists of specialized cells that facilitate the movement of water absorbed by the roots upward through the stem and into the leaves and branches, where it is utilized for photosynthesis and other physiological processes. This upward transport is vital for maintaining the tree's hydration and nutrient supply, allowing it to thrive and support its various growth functions.

While xylem does provide some structural support due to its lignified cell walls, its main role is centered around the transport of water and nutrients. Other processes, such as the transportation of carbohydrates primarily occurs through phloem, a different type of vascular tissue. Likewise, energy storage occurs in various tissues, including parenchyma cells in the roots and leaves, rather than in the xylem itself.