Which layer of a plant is responsible for the development of new bark and new wood?

The cork cambium is a critical tissue layer in plants that plays an essential role in the development of new bark. This layer is responsible for producing secondary protective tissues, primarily cork, which forms the outer protective covering of the plant. As the plant grows, the cork cambium helps in generating new cells that contribute to the outer bark, creating a barrier against environmental factors like water loss and pests.

In addition to its role in bark formation, the cork cambium is a vital part of the plant's growth and health, especially in woody plants where it operates in conjunction with other layers, like the vascular cambium, which contributes to the development of wood. This overall process of growth and protection is important for the longevity and resilience of the plant.

The other layers mentioned, such as the cambium and xylem, have their own specific functions, particularly in the formation of new wood and conducting water. However, when it comes to the specific development of bark, the cork cambium is the layer that fulfills this function.