Which layer of a plant is primarily responsible for transporting water and nutrients?

The xylem is the layer of a plant primarily responsible for transporting water and nutrients. It plays a critical role in the process of water uptake from the roots and its distribution throughout the plant. The xylem consists of specialized cells that form tubes, allowing water, minerals, and nutrients absorbed from the soil to move upward to the leaves and other parts of the plant where photosynthesis occurs.

This upward transport is essential for maintaining the plant's hydration and nutrient balance, contributing to its overall growth and health. Moreover, xylem tissue is also involved in providing structural support to the plant.

In contrast, phloem is the layer responsible for transporting sugars and organic compounds produced through photosynthesis from the leaves to other parts of the plant, which is a distinct function from that of the xylem. The cambium is a layer of tissue involved in growth, producing new xylem and phloem cells, while the outer bark serves primarily as protection for the inner tissues of the plant.